from: HttpClient 发送 HTTP、HTTPS 请求的简单封装
See Also:轻松把玩HttpClient

最近这几周，一直在忙同一个项目，刚开始是了解需求，需求有一定了解之后，就开始调第三方的接口。由于第三方给提供的文档很模糊，在调接口的时候，出了很多问题，一直在沟通协调，具体的无奈就不说了，由于接口的访问协议是通过 HTTP 和 HTTPS 通讯的，因此封装了一个简单的请求工具类，由于时间紧迫，并没有额外的时间对工具类进行优化和扩展，如果后续空出时间的话，我会对该工具类继续进行优化和扩展的。

引用

首先说一下该类中需要引入的 jar 包，apache 的 httpclient 包，版本号为 4.5，如有需要的话，可以引一下。

代码

<span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;">import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.X509HostnameVerifier;

import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;

import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

* HTTP 请求工具类

* @author : liii

* @version : 1.0.0

* @date : 2015/7/21

* @see : TODO

public class HttpUtil {

private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connMgr;

private static RequestConfig requestConfig;

private static final int MAX_TIMEOUT = 7000;

static {

// 设置连接池

connMgr = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();

// 设置连接池大小

connMgr.setMaxTotal(100);

connMgr.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(connMgr.getMaxTotal());

RequestConfig.Builder configBuilder = RequestConfig.custom();

// 设置连接超时

configBuilder.setConnectTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);

// 设置读取超时

configBuilder.setSocketTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);

// 设置从连接池获取连接实例的超时

configBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(MAX_TIMEOUT);

// 在提交请求之前测试连接是否可用

configBuilder.setStaleConnectionCheckEnabled(true);

requestConfig = configBuilder.build();

}

* 发送 GET 请求（HTTP），不带输入数据

* @param url

* @return

public static String doGet(String url) {

return doGet(url, new HashMap<String, Object>());

}

* 发送 GET 请求（HTTP），K-V形式

* @param url

* @param params

* @return

public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) {

String apiUrl = url;

StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();

int i = 0;

for (String key : params.keySet()) {

if (i == 0)

param.append("?");

else

param.append("&");

param.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));

i++;

}

apiUrl += param;

String result = null;

HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();

try {

HttpGet httpPost = new HttpGet(apiUrl);

HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);

int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

System.out.println("执行状态码 : " + statusCode);

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

if (entity != null) {

InputStream instream = entity.getContent();

result = IOUtils.toString(instream, "UTF-8");

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return result;

}

* 发送 POST 请求（HTTP），不带输入数据

* @param apiUrl

* @return

public static String doPost(String apiUrl) {

return doPost(apiUrl, new HashMap<String, Object>());

}

* 发送 POST 请求（HTTP），K-V形式

* @param apiUrl API接口URL

* @param params 参数map

* @return

public static String doPost(String apiUrl, Map<String, Object> params) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

String httpStr = null;

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);

CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

try {

httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<>(params.size());

for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry

.getValue().toString());

pairList.add(pair);

}

httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));

response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

System.out.println(response.toString());

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

if (response != null) {

try {

EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

return httpStr;

}

* 发送 POST 请求（HTTP），JSON形式

* @param apiUrl

* @param json json对象

* @return

public static String doPost(String apiUrl, Object json) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

String httpStr = null;

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);

CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

try {

httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"UTF-8");//解决中文乱码问题

stringEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");

stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");

httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);

response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

System.out.println(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());

httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

if (response != null) {

try {

EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

return httpStr;

}

* 发送 SSL POST 请求（HTTPS），K-V形式

* @param apiUrl API接口URL

* @param params 参数map

* @return

public static String doPostSSL(String apiUrl, Map<String, Object> params) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(createSSLConnSocketFactory()).setConnectionManager(connMgr).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);

CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

String httpStr = null;

try {

httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());

for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry

.getValue().toString());

pairList.add(pair);

}

httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, Charset.forName("utf-8")));

response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {

return null;

}

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

if (entity == null) {

return null;

}

httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

if (response != null) {

try {

EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

return httpStr;

}

* 发送 SSL POST 请求（HTTPS），JSON形式

* @param apiUrl API接口URL

* @param json JSON对象

* @return

public static String doPostSSL(String apiUrl, Object json) {

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(createSSLConnSocketFactory()).setConnectionManager(connMgr).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(apiUrl);

CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

String httpStr = null;

try {

httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"UTF-8");//解决中文乱码问题

stringEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");

stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");

httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);

response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {

return null;

}

HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

if (entity == null) {

return null;

}

httpStr = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

if (response != null) {

try {

EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

return httpStr;

}

* 创建SSL安全连接

* @return

private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory createSSLConnSocketFactory() {

SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null;

try {

SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {

public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

return true;

}

}).build();

sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new X509HostnameVerifier() {

@Override

public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {

return true;

}

@Override

public void verify(String host, SSLSocket ssl) throws IOException {

}

@Override

public void verify(String host, X509Certificate cert) throws SSLException {

}

@Override

public void verify(String host, String[] cns, String[] subjectAlts) throws SSLException {

}

});

} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return sslsf;

}

* 测试方法

* @param args

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

}

}</span>

结束语

工具类封装的比较粗糙，后续还会继续优化的，如果小伙伴们有更好的选择的话，希望也能够分享出来，大家一起学习。